Under what conditions can a security guard detain someone?

A security guard can detain someone under specific circumstances that align with the concepts of probable cause and witnessing a crime. When a security guard observes a suspected crime occurring in real-time, they are legally empowered to act based on their observations. This is essential because it provides a rational basis for the detention, demonstrating that the guard is not just acting on a whim or personal bias, but rather on concrete evidence that suggests a violation of the law is happening.

Probable cause is a critical standard in determining whether an action is justified; it means that there are reasonable grounds to believe that a crime has been committed. This legal standard ensures that the rights of individuals are respected and that detaining someone is justified.

Other options may suggest scenarios in which a security guard might feel justified in taking action. However, these circumstances lack legal backing or do not adhere to established protocols about citizen’s arrest or detention, which can lead to confusion or potential legal issues if acted upon. Understanding the boundaries of a security guard's authority is crucial for ensuring both the safety of the public and the legality of their actions.